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NZS Capital Third Quarter 2022 Update
October 11th, 2022
Market Commentary
The third quarter was marked by the ongoing tug of war between investors, policy makers, dictators, and the painful landing of the pandemic-inflated economy. In the short term we expect uncertainty to persist; however, over the long term we know that the future, like always, will be determined by the optimists. Investing, like nearly everything in life, is a form of storytelling. When anyone buys or sells a stock, they are crafting a story about the future. But, of course, no one can predict the future with any precision, and relying on the past can be just as problematic. Therefore, the stories we tell must be based on what we can clearly discern in the present, no matter how foggy the environs might seem. We then live through these stories as they play out in real life, fact-checking our narrative with reality to identify plot holes, inconsistencies, and elements of truth that help us refine our story. There are some types of plots that tend to play out more often than others, there are always unexpected twists and, if you are lucky, a deus ex machina. At NZS Capital, we think stories of optimism – where the protagonist is adaptable and creating more value than they take (non-zero sumness) – occur much more often than stories of cynicism and pessimism, where the characters are rigid in their beliefs and extract too much value from society. The market, however, tends to be more cynical than optimistic, which creates cycles of fear.
Investing in the stock market is like buying a ticket to a movie about which we have little a priori knowledge. We can make educated guesses based on the title and trailer, but sometimes a seemingly feel-good rom-com has an unexpected horror subplot. The current market volatility implies a tension between two completely different plots for how our economic future will unfold. One story is a doomsday movie wherein government policy makers, in an attempt to rewrite their “certified-rotten” pandemic-policy script, send the economy careening off a cliff while geopolitical tensions send humanity into nuclear armageddon. Herein, there is no hero, and the only way out is time and patience. Like Major King riding the bomb in Dr. Strangelove, this movie ends with more uncertainty and questions than with which it began. The other script, however, has a happier ending. The underpinning of this second narrative is the self-healing ability of the economy, with innovation and hope driving a long cycle of post-WWII-like prosperity, investment in green energy, and a steady increase in global economic resilience. The first story implies that the last forty years of globalization, low interest rates, deflationary forces, and rising inequality will be met with a long and harsh punishment. In contrast, the second story plays to the evolutionarily ingrained resilience and ingenuity of humans. Of course, there are thousands of ways the future could play out, and we won’t know the ending until the lights come up and the curtains close.
Advantageously managing this uncertainty is what defines our investment process at NZS Capital, as we focus on adaptability, non-zero-sum outcomes, and matching investments to their potential range of outcomes rather than narrowly predicting the future. Like the complex world around us, the global economy is dominated by power laws and extremes. Humans, however, tend to be linear thinkers, so we can miss emergent, game-changing events unless we train ourselves to look outside our typical mental confines to routinely scan left field and beyond. Some of the best stories of the future may be written in surprising locations and combine different topics and technologies in novel ways. Importantly, in times of volatility, policy changes, and technological disruption, economic resources often shift and refocus on newly emerging areas. A series of events, such as the world has recently experienced, can create pivot points for society. We continue to see significant opportunities in the engines of the analog-to-digital transition of the global economy, such as software, semiconductors, and the Internet. But, we expect resources and attention to shift to new origins of asymmetry in areas like AI, automation, healthcare, and other parts of the economy.
While we cannot know the precise storyline for what lies ahead, we can appropriately prepare for all potential plot twists. The Optionality tail of our strategies is designed to seek out and take advantage of innovation wherever it is evolving, while the Resilient head of each portfolio is designed to provide enduring growth. We continue to see opportunities across the spectrum of companies that we believe will play key roles in scripting our economic future.
Performance Discussion
The NZS Capital Growth Equity strategy was down 4.58% net of fees in the third quarter of 2022; in comparison, its global market index benchmark declined by 6.75%. Year to date, the strategy was down 34.75% net while the index fell by 25.41%. Since inception, the strategy has cumulatively risen 31.52% net compared to a 2.44% return in the benchmark. The NZS Capital Select strategy was down 2.70% net in the third quarter of 2022, with a net year-to-date decline of 31.42% and a cumulative net gain of 41.89% since inception. Full Table in PDF.
Thank you for your continued trust, interest, and support.
About NZS Capital
The research process at NZS Capital is guided by complex adaptive systems and the unpredictability of the world around us. Our lens on the world, which does not rely on narrow predictions of the future, is ideally suited for long-term investors as the global economy transitions from analog to digital. We believe companies that maximize non-zero-sum outcomes for all of their constituents, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, will also maximize long-term outcomes for investors. These adaptable businesses will take share as the economy continues its decades long transition from analog to digital, sector by sector. Our view of the world informs our portfolio construction process, which combines a relatively small number of Resilient companies (larger positions) with a long tail of Optionality companies (smaller positions). Resilient businesses have very few predictions underpinning their success and a narrow range of outcomes, while Optionality businesses have a wider range of outcomes and their success hinges upon a more specific view of the future playing out. We believe this combination of long-duration growth and asymmetric upside is well suited to navigating the increasing pace of change throughout the global economy. Our investment framework can be found in Complexity Investing.
There is no guarantee that the information presented is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.
Net returns are calculated by subtracting the highest applicable management fee (.65% annually, or .1625% quarterly) from the gross return. Gross returns are inclusive of reinvestment of dividends or other earnings. Actual fees may vary depending on, among other things, the applicable fee schedule and portfolio size. The fees are available on request and may be found in Form ADV Part 2A. Index performance does not reflect the expenses of managing a portfolio as an index is unmanaged and not available for direct investment.
Any projections, market outlooks, or estimates in this presentation are forward-looking statements and are based upon certain assumptions. No forecasts can be guaranteed. Other events that were not taken into account may occur and may significantly affect the returns or performance. Any projections, outlooks, or assumptions should not be construed to be indicative of the actual events which will occur.
Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, and are subject to change at any time due to changes in market or economic conditions. There is no guarantee that the information supplied is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use.
An investor should not construe the contents of this newsletter as legal, tax, investment, or other advice.
NZS Capital, LLC claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®)
GIPS® is a registered trademark of the CFA Institute. CFA Institute does not endorse or promote this organization, nor does it warrant the accuracy or quality of the content contained herein.
GIPS® Composite Reports are available upon request by emailing request to info@nzscapital.com.
NZS Growth Equity and NZS Select are reported in USD.
The benchmark for the NZS Growth Equity Composite and NZS Select Composite is the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure NR USD. The index is designed to provide exposure to the top 85% market capitalization by free float in each of two economic segments, developed markets and emerging markets.
NZS strategies are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar, Inc. or any of its affiliates (all such entities, collectively, “Morningstar Entities”). The Morningstar Entities make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners who invest in the strategy or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in the strategy y or to any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in equity securities generally or in the strategy in particular, or the ability of the strategy to track the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure Index or the equity markets in general. THE MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE STRATEGIES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN
Q2 2022 Letter
NZS Capital Second Quarter 2022 Update
July 11th, 2022
The NZS Capital Growth Equity strategy was down 23.44% net of fees in the second quarter of 2022; in comparison, its global market index benchmark declined by 15.64%. Year to date, the strategy was down 31.62% net while the index fell by 20.01%. Since inception, the strategy has cumulatively risen 35.33% net compared to a 9.86% return in the benchmark. The NZS Capital Select strategy was down 22.70% net in the second quarter of 2022, with a net year-to-date decline of 29.52% and a cumulative net gain of 45.84% since inception. For a full table of performance please download the PDF.
The research process at NZS Capital is always guided by the unpredictability of the world around us. Our lens on the world, which does not rely on narrow predictions of the future, is ideally suited for long-term investors as the global economy transitions from analog to digital. We believe companies that maximize non-zero-sum outcomes for all of their constituents, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, will also maximize long-term outcomes for investors. These adaptable businesses will take share as the economy continues its decades long transition from analog to digital, sector by sector. Our view of the world informs our portfolio construction process, which combines a relatively small number of Resilient companies (larger positions) with a long tail of Optionality companies (smaller positions). Resilient businesses have very few predictions underpinning their success and a narrow range of outcomes, while Optionality businesses have a wider range of outcomes and their success hinges upon a more specific view of the future playing out. This combination of long-duration growth and asymmetric upside is well suited to navigating the increasing pace of change throughout the global economy.
Performance Discussion
The following second quarter 2022 performance discussion references the NZS Growth Equity strategy. Our investments and overweights in technology and communication services led the significant underperformance in the quarter, down 23.8% and 24.3% respectively. The top-owned positive contributors in the quarter were SailPoint, T-Mobile, and Danaher. Being underweight several large index positions contributed to performance as well – in times when most stocks in the market are declining, performance can be driven more by the stocks you don’t own than the ones you do. Among the largest active detractors in the quarter were several software and semiconductor investments, including Workday, Salesforce, Okta, Microchip, and Lam Research. We believe the stock valuations of these companies, and their sectors as a whole, reflect an overly pessimistic view of their long-term growth potential and an underestimation of the deflationary forces they bring to the economy, and we therefore added to many existing positions. Other negative detractors were in the media sector, such as Walt Disney, Paramount, and Snap, as slowing economic growth impacted advertising, and consumer media habits shifted toward short-form video. Lastly, aluminum can maker and aerospace company Ball detracted from performance over fears consumers would curtail their large, pandemic-era grocery store beverage purchases.
Market Commentary
Our primary focus at NZS Capital is finding companies driving the analog-to-digital transition in the global economy. These companies are largely powered by innovation and the creation of the most non-zero-sum (win-win) outcomes for all constituents, including employees, customers, society, the environment, and investors. In some cases, these companies are growing faster than the overall economy, are investing to improve their future prosperity, and are not overly focused on their short-term bottom lines. Rapidly rising interest rates in 2022 have had an outsized impact on the valuations of many of the types of companies in which we invest. Globally, growth stocks were down 20.15% while value stocks only fell 11.50% in the quarter, with year-to-date declines of 27.92% and 12.34% (respectively) according to Morningstar (1). Although we made several significant adjustments to the portfolio throughout 2021 to reflect the higher risk of interest-rate-driven valuation exposure, these changes were not enough to completely inoculate performance from the market’s reaction to the high inflationary environment and resulting aggressive central bank rate policies.
We build our portfolios with concentrated Resilient investments balanced by a long tail of Optionality investments. In times of extreme market volatility, such as we have seen for the last couple of years, we stay vigilant to assure that every position size matches the range of outcomes for each investment. In most cases when a stock value swings dramatically, it doesn’t indicate a fundamental change to the long-term range of outcomes for the underlying business. Accordingly, when stock devaluation is driven by the market using higher discount rates to value future cash flows, the stock can become more attractive.
One of the most important characteristics we look for in Resilient investments is adaptability. Periods of economic volatility offer an opportunity for such organizations to capitalize on their flexibility and creativity, and the best management teams will emerge stronger on the other side. Resilient companies tend to be extremely good at both investing for the future and maintaining economic sustainability, regardless of the ambient economic weather. Rather than reacting to uncertainty from a place of fear, the best management teams will play smart offense, preserving their own prosperity and continuing to look out for their customers’ best interests rather than dramatically cutting services or significantly raising prices. Such organizations understand that by always partnering with customers to economically and expediently solve problems, they have the best chance of preserving and growing their customer base and ensuring their own longevity. We therefore expect that, in aggregate, our Resilient investments will emerge from the downturn stronger than ever.
Optionality investments also tend to be adaptable, but they are generally more sensitive to economic weakness and other factors at play in times of uncertainty. Because these companies lean heavily on innovation and growth, they risk underinvesting if they don’t have the financial resources to weather a downturn. In combination with higher rates forcing a devaluation of future discounted cash flows, these less insulated businesses tend to suffer significant stock pull-back relative to the market. The market’s recent souring on growth stocks has created a once-in-a-decade opportunity to own Optionality companies with highly asymmetric outcomes in aggregate. Even though we don’t expect all of these investments to necessarily play out positively, taken in sum, the catalog provides an opportunity to compound positive growth for many years.
By considering the current characteristics of the stock market, the macroeconomic outlook, and the elements of Resilient and Optionality investments, we see a better setup for returns than we have seen in some time. We’re not in the business of calling market bottoms – we try to avoid all predictions that require a high degree of precision – however, we know it’s only a matter of time before the clouds clear and investors once again appreciate the value of the types of businesses in which we invest. It therefore becomes a question of how long it will take for the market to recover. We have prepared for this period by matching each position in the portfolio to its potential range of outcomes and incorporating a balanced set of businesses that we believe will both weather further uncertainty and be poised to see accelerating fundamentals regardless of what unknown storms the future brings.
While central banks are focused on trying to fix the inflation that resulted primarily from excessive fiscal spending and overly accommodative monetary policy during the latter stages of the pandemic, we are focused on how innovation remains the primary disinflationary force and productivity engine for the global economy. Taking our cues from biology, we know that adaptable companies providing the most value (non-zero sumness) to their ecosystems will take advantage of the ongoing volatility in the economy. By solving problems for their customers and providing more value for the same or less money over time, these companies will not only be combating inflation and contributing to economic recovery, they will be ensuring their best chances at prosperity.
Our expectation is that market-based economies in developed countries are generally self-healing. Thus, the fear of higher inflation is often enough to assure that inflation won’t come to pass. As the economy transitions to digital and information travels faster and faster, companies and consumers are able to adapt more quickly to changing conditions, including expectations of inflation. This should allow, in time, the self-correcting mechanisms of the economy to accelerate as well. For example, two companies that we invest in, Tesla and Amazon, both sell direct to consumers, allowing them to more quickly identify changes in demand and adjust their capital investments and headcounts accordingly. Such real-time knowledge and customer awareness are key contributors to adaptability and will become a more impactful motive force with the continued digitalization of the global economy.
While there are always reasons to be pessimistic, we see even more evidence to remain optimistic about the future of the companies we invest in on behalf of our clients.
Thank you for your continued trust, interest, and support.
(1) The Morningstar Global Growth Target Market Exposure NR USD and The Morningstar Global Value Target Market Exposure NR USD indices.
There is no guarantee that the information presented is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.
Net returns are calculated by subtracting the highest applicable management fee (.65% annually, or .1625% quarterly) from the gross return. Gross returns are inclusive of reinvestment of dividends or other earnings. Actual fees may vary depending on, among other things, the applicable fee schedule and portfolio size. The fees are available on request and may be found in Form ADV Part 2A. Index performance does not reflect the expenses of managing a portfolio as an index is unmanaged and not available for direct investment.
Any projections, market outlooks, or estimates in this presentation are forward-looking statements and are based upon certain assumptions. No forecasts can be guaranteed. Other events that were not taken into account may occur and may significantly affect the returns or performance. Any projections, outlooks, or assumptions should not be construed to be indicative of the actual events which will occur.
Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, and are subject to change at any time due to changes in market or economic conditions. There is no guarantee that the information supplied is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use.
An investor should not construe the contents of this newsletter as legal, tax, investment, or other advice.
NZS Capital, LLC claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®)
GIPS® is a registered trademark of the CFA Institute. CFA Institute does not endorse or promote this organization, nor does it warrant the accuracy or quality of the content contained herein.
GIPS® Composite Reports are available upon request by emailing request to info@nzscapital.com.
NZS Growth Equity and NZS Select are reported in USD.
The benchmark for the NZS Growth Equity Composite and NZS Select Composite is the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure NR USD. The index is designed to provide exposure to the top 85% market capitalization by free float in each of two economic segments, developed markets and emerging markets.
NZS strategies are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar, Inc. or any of its affiliates (all such entities, collectively, “Morningstar Entities”). The Morningstar Entities make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners who invest in the strategy or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in the strategy y or to any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in equity securities generally or in the strategy in particular, or the ability of the strategy to track the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure Index or the equity markets in general. THE MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE STRATEGIES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN
Q1 2022 Letter
NZS Capital First Quarter 2022 Update
April 18th, 2022
The NZS Capital Growth Equity strategy had a gross decline of 10.54% (-10.68% net) in the first quarter of 2022 compared to its global market index benchmark, which was down 5.18%. Over the last twelve months, the strategy returned 2.65% (1.98% net) compared to the benchmark’s 7.29%. The NZS Capital Select strategy declined 8.68% gross (8.82% net) in the first quarter of 2022 and rose 2.89% (2.23% net) over the last twelve months. For a full table of performance please download the PDF.
The research process at NZS Capital is always guided by the unpredictability of the world around us. Our lens on the world, which does not rely on narrow predictions of the future, is ideally suited for long-term investors as the global economy transitions from analog to digital. We believe companies that maximize non-zero-sum outcomes for all of their constituents, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, will also maximize long-term outcomes for investors. These adaptable businesses will take share as the economy continues its decades long transition from analog to digital, sector by sector. Our view of the world informs our portfolio construction process, which combines a relatively small number of Resilient companies (larger positions) with a long tail of Optionality companies (smaller positions). Resilient businesses have very few predictions underpinning their success and a narrow range of outcomes, while Optionality businesses have a wider range of outcomes and their success hinges upon a more specific view of the future playing out. This combination of long-duration growth and asymmetric upside is well suited to navigating the increasing pace of change throughout the global economy.
Performance Discussion
The following first quarter 2022 performance discussion references the NZS Growth Equity strategy. Overall performance lagged the broader market. For the quarter, our technology investments led the portfolio down, dropping 14.1% compared to the benchmark’s technology stocks, which were down only 10.4%. Both our weight in technology stocks and the stocks we were invested in relative to the benchmark detracted from performance. Other detractors were our relative underweights in energy and financials, which outperformed on rising interest rates and commodity prices. Positive contributions came from the communication services sector, where our positions were up 3.3% compared to a 9.9% drop in the benchmark. Both our overweight and performance of the communication services sector contributed positively. Our REIT investments detracted modestly as these stocks tend to underperform in rising rate environments. Among the top contributors in the quarter were Paramount Global, T-Mobile, Nexon, SailPoint, and Nintendo, as well as not owning Meta Platforms. Among the largest detractors in the quarter were Lam Research, Salesforce, Sun Communities, PayPal, and Okta.
Market Commentary
As expectations for interest rate increases rose in concurrence with global uncertainty, the first quarter of 2022 was a period of underperformance for our strategies. The market has a particularly hard time finding any sort of equilibrium in times of rising uncertainty, as we noted in last quarter’s letter. Focusing on companies that adapt, innovate, and grow over time inherently means that we assume their future free cash flow will be far in excess of today’s free cash flow. As investors discount cash flow back from the future to today, rising rates decrease the net present value of those theoretical profits. Around March of 2021, investing in the highest growth rate companies (i.e., companies with far more expected profits in the future, and, in many cases, losses today) became an explicit bet on interest rates. Meaning, with rare exception, the only way for that group of stocks to keep rising was for interest rates to keep falling, and thus making future cash flows more valuable. Our preference is to avoid having narrow predictions, such as “interests will fall”, steering our portfolios. Therefore, we reduced a portion of our exposure to the highest growth stocks between March and December of 2021.
One of the key advantages we have with our Resilience and Optionality portfolio construction framework (see Complexity Investing) is the ability to shift between durable growth companies (Resilience) and higher asymmetry companies (Optionality). Owing to this higher asymmetry, the outcomes of Optionality positions are more prone to rate-induced fluctuations because the majority of their value lies in the future. Shifting from Optionality to Resilience in 2021 helped, but did not completely immunize performance from the impact of rising rates in the first quarter of 2022. As long-term investors, we are comfortable with interest-rate-driven volatility in the portfolio, which we look to use as an opportunity. In most cases, rising rates do not significantly impact the fundamental range of outcomes for businesses in which we invest; therefore, stocks that go down due to higher short-term rates offer an opportunity, all else being equal. By not making an explicit prediction on interest rates, we can focus our energy on the fundamental range of outcomes for the companies we invest in and fitting those investments into our portfolio construction process.
Following the sharp correction in the highest growth stocks in the first quarter, we have quickly found ourselves in a different investment climate. In general, the market extrapolates the impact of short-term interest rate hikes to a degree that overly discounts future free cash flows. When that happens, it can create opportunities for long-term investors in companies with growing cash flows. As noted, predicting the future levels of rates has historically been a fool’s errand. However, taking advantage of the collective cognitive bias of the stock market can be a fruitful way to profit over time. In order for the long term value of a company to be reduced, you would have to predict long-term higher rates, which requires an inherent assumption of long-term higher inflation. However, that scenario is contradicted by the deflationary nature of technology and innovation.
We look for companies whose success in taking share of the global economy relies on as few predictions as possible and then match position size to the potential range of outcomes. For most investors, not making predictions can be an uncomfortable behavior, but in a world that is increasingly unpredictable due to the rising pace of change in the Information/AI Age, it’s of increasing necessity to build this skill. We believe thinking biologically helps identify the companies that will take share as the economy moves from analog to digital. As such, adaptability and maximizing non-zero-sum outcomes are the winning traits for long-term investments.
As the market continues to seek homeostasis, a key question remains: what part of inflation is structural and what part is due to the excess fiscal and monetary stimulus of the pandemic? The correct answer is: nobody knows with any level of certainty. It appears to us that the pandemic had little lasting impact on the global economy or people’s behavior, with the exception of the ongoing erosion of trust in governing institutions, and perhaps an acceleration of technology investment. Time will tell. As we emerge from the pandemic stimulus period, we can look at the long-term trajectory of rates, which tend to fall as leverage increases on an economy, along with the deflationary power of technology, which tends to accelerate in the face of higher costs. Further, with the rising specter of global conflict and supply chain snarls, one might assume inflation could rise due to deglobalization; however, the stagnant population growth and low immigration in developed worlds makes it inconceivable that we veer far from the path of continued globalization in the near future. This is a good thing for global peace, which ultimately depends on our rising interconnectedness.
As we survey the state of the global stock market today, there remains broad risk but also a growing set of opportunities as investors lump all growth stocks together and assume long-term inflation and structurally higher rates. It could be that rates will be much higher for much longer, but, as technology investment cycles speed up on the back of rising innovation, the deflationary power of technology will accelerate to solve the problems the world faces. The only thing we can say for certain is that we don’t know what the future will bring, but we continue to find companies that are creating and benefiting from that future.
Thank you for your continued trust, interest, and support.
There is no guarantee that the information presented is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.
Net returns are calculated by subtracting the highest applicable management fee (.65% annually, or .1625% quarterly) from the gross return. Gross returns are inclusive of reinvestment of dividends or other earnings. Actual fees may vary depending on, among other things, the applicable fee schedule and portfolio size. The fees are available on request and may be found in Form ADV Part 2A. Index performance does not reflect the expenses of managing a portfolio as an index is unmanaged and not available for direct investment.
Any projections, market outlooks, or estimates in this presentation are forward-looking statements and are based upon certain assumptions. No forecasts can be guaranteed. Other events that were not taken into account may occur and may significantly affect the returns or performance. Any projections, outlooks, or assumptions should not be construed to be indicative of the actual events which will occur.
Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, and are subject to change at any time due to changes in market or economic conditions. There is no guarantee that the information supplied is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use.
An investor should not construe the contents of this newsletter as legal, tax, investment, or other advice.
NZS Capital, LLC claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®)
GIPS® is a registered trademark of the CFA Institute. CFA Institute does not endorse or promote this organization, nor does it warrant the accuracy or quality of the content contained herein.
GIPS® Composite Reports are available upon request by emailing request to info@nzscapital.com.
NZS Growth Equity and NZS Select are reported in USD.
The benchmark for the NZS Growth Equity Composite and NZS Select Composite is the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure NR USD. The index is designed to provide exposure to the top 85% market capitalization by free float in each of two economic segments, developed markets and emerging markets.
NZS strategies are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar, Inc. or any of its affiliates (all such entities, collectively, “Morningstar Entities”). The Morningstar Entities make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners who invest in the strategy or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in the strategy y or to any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in equity securities generally or in the strategy in particular, or the ability of the strategy to track the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure Index or the equity markets in general. THE MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE STRATEGIES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN
Q4 2021 Letter
NZS Capital Fourth Quarter 2021 Update
January 10th, 2021
The NZS Capital Growth Equity strategy had a gross return of 5.91% (5.74% net) in the fourth quarter of 2021 compared to its global market index benchmark, which was up 6.62%. The year ending December 31st, 2021, the strategy returned 22.62% (21.83% net) compared to the benchmark’s 18.57%. The NZS Capital Select strategy rose 5.14% gross (4.97% net) in the fourth quarter of 2021 and rose 25.47% (24.66% net) for the year. The end of 2021 marked the two-year anniversary of the founding of the NZS Capital Growth Equity and Select strategies. Since inception, Growth Equity rose 41.60% (40.67% net) annualized and Select rose 44.79% (43.85% net) annualized compared to a 17.19% return for the index.
For a full table of performance please download the PDF.
The research process at NZS Capital is always guided by the unpredictability of the world around us. Our lens on the world, which does not rely on narrow predictions of the future, is ideally suited for long-term investors as the global economy transitions from analog to digital. We believe companies that maximize non-zero-sum outcomes for all of their constituents, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, will also maximize long-term outcomes for investors. These adaptable businesses will take share as the economy continues its decades long transition from analog to digital, sector by sector. Our view of the world informs our portfolio construction process, which combines a relatively small number of Resilient companies (larger positions) with a long tail of Optionality companies (smaller positions). Resilient businesses have very few predictions underpinning their success and a narrow range of outcomes, while Optionality businesses have a wider range of outcomes and their success hinges upon a more specific view of the future playing out. This combination of long-duration growth and asymmetric upside is well suited to navigating the increasing pace of change throughout the global economy.
Performance Discussion
The following fourth quarter and full year 2021 performance discussion references the NZS Growth Equity strategy. For the year 2021, our top ten contributors were NVIDIA, ASML Holding, ViacomCBS, Alphabet, Lam Research, Crown Castle, Microchip, Sun Communities, Amphenol, and Microsoft. Information Technology was our top performing sector along with Industrials and our underweighting of Healthcare and Consumer Staples. Our largest sector detractors were our underweighting of Energy and Financials and our overweighting in Communications. The most significant ten detractors from performance were Peloton, Nexon, Redfin, Walt Disney, T-Mobile, Zillow, Zendesk, Take-Two, PayPal, and Snap.
For the quarter, our technology investments were up 11.83%, lagging the benchmark technology component by 1.09%. Among the top contributors in the quarter were Lam Research, Crown Castle, Amphenol, Microchip, KLA, Sun Communities, Cloudflare, Micron, Silicon Labs, and NVIDIA. Similar to the annual results, our relative overweight of technology aided performance while our overweight in Communication Services hampered performance. Further, our stock selection in Consumer Discretionary was a drag to performance. Bottom contributors included ViacomCBS, Peloton, Twitter, Snap, T-Mobile, Salesforce.com, Block, Redfin, PayPal, and MercadoLibre.
Market Commentary
All biological systems exist in an ongoing effort to achieve homeostasis – a perfect level of nourishment and comfort for the organism to optimally survive and procreate. The stock market, like the global economy, is analogous to a living organism in that it is constantly seeking homeostasis, i.e., some sort of balance between supply and demand that manifests as the price of a stock and of the overall valuation of the market. Living organisms and the stock market are also both complex adaptive systems, and that means that disequilibrium is generally the equilibrium state. In other words, we are always shuffling one way or another to try and achieve homeostasis, drifting through – but never maintaining – that ideal state.
In the body, we balance things like calories, sleep, temperature, mental wellbeing, satisfaction, etc. The financial markets are trying to balance interest rates, inflation, geopolitical forces, shocks to the system (oil supply, pandemics, wars, etc.), and the range of possible future states of the world along with the range of outcomes for each individual stock. In a complex system rife with chaos and emergent outcomes, maintaining equilibrium for any meaningful duration of time is of course an unachievable goal.
The human body is concerned with maintaining temperature, food, and water within a narrow band, because those parameters are so critical to survival and the minimization of physical disequilibrium. For the markets, the key element is probably a consensus around interest rates, because everyone in the markets has some sort of hurdle they need to meet in order to take on the risk of investing money rather than sitting on it or making other investment choices. For individual stocks, homeostasis revolves around valuations.
When the market has wide divergence in opinions on things like long-term interest rates, or when there are a lot of shocks to the system, its struggle to find homeostasis tends to become more dramatic. In other words, the typical disequilibrium operates in a wide band as price levels are more volatile than when the market can agree on a tighter range of future scenarios for variables like interest rates. This is an overly elaborate way of saying more unknowns create more volatility, but the key point I want to make is that thinking biologically can give you more context for how markets behave over time.
Humans need a full stomach, a warm fire, and a good night's sleep that isn't plagued by worries over the future. To feel equally sated, the markets need stable leadership, calm geopolitics, and a consensus view of future inflation and interest rates. But, predicting the future of any type of complex system is a fool’s game. So, we humans have learned to stock the pantry, have alternative heat sources on hand, and shelter funds for a rainy day. The markets, in contrast, have a more subsistent existence, digesting news minute-to-minute while never fully satisfied it can achieve any level of consensus. Whereas adult humans have a chance at understanding if they are hungry or tired, markets are more like a crying infant, unable to fully communicate what would calm them down.
When the future is unknowable, the best basic strategy is to own assets that require you to make as few predictions as possible for achieving a desired outcome. That means owning assets that imply a return rate above your hurdle rate without having to know with precision how the world will unfold. That's a challenge if you cannot pin down interest rates to a relatively narrow band, especially when the variables going into inflation are difficult to forecast. That conundrum seems to be what the markets are grappling with today, but it could be a million other things as well. It is complex, after all.
Fortunately, we can return to a few basic first principles that we believe hold true long term: 1) the future is always better than the past; 2) technology is an overarching deflationary force; 3) one person's debt is another person's asset, which impacts the direction of interest rates; 4) humans are innovative and rise to the challenge; and 5) given enough time, optimism always wins over pessimism and cynicism.
Thank you for your continued trust, interest, and support.
There is no guarantee that the information presented is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.
Net returns are calculated by subtracting the highest applicable management fee (.65% annually, or .1625% quarterly) from the gross return. Gross returns are inclusive of reinvestment of dividends or other earnings. Actual fees may vary depending on, among other things, the applicable fee schedule and portfolio size. The fees are available on request and may be found in Form ADV Part 2A. Index performance does not reflect the expenses of managing a portfolio as an index is unmanaged and not available for direct investment.
Any projections, market outlooks, or estimates in this presentation are forward-looking statements and are based upon certain assumptions. No forecasts can be guaranteed. Other events that were not taken into account may occur and may significantly affect the returns or performance. Any projections, outlooks, or assumptions should not be construed to be indicative of the actual events which will occur.
Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, and are subject to change at any time due to changes in market or economic conditions. There is no guarantee that the information supplied is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use.
An investor should not construe the contents of this newsletter as legal, tax, investment, or other advice.
NZS Capital, LLC claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®)
GIPS® is a registered trademark of the CFA Institute. CFA Institute does not endorse or promote this organization, nor does it warrant the accuracy or quality of the content contained herein.
GIPS® Composite Reports are available upon request by emailing request to info@nzscapital.com.
NZS Growth Equity and NZS Select are reported in USD.
The benchmark for the NZS Growth Equity Composite and NZS Select Composite is the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure NR USD. The index is designed to provide exposure to the top 85% market capitalization by free float in each of two economic segments, developed markets and emerging markets.
NZS strategies are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar, Inc. or any of its affiliates (all such entities, collectively, “Morningstar Entities”). The Morningstar Entities make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners who invest in the strategy or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in the strategy y or to any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in equity securities generally or in the strategy in particular, or the ability of the strategy to track the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure Index or the equity markets in general. THE MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE STRATEGIES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN
Q3 2021 Letter
NZS Capital Third Quarter 2021 Update
October 11th, 2021
The NZS Capital Growth Equity strategy had a gross return of 0.71% (0.54% net) in the third quarter of 2021 compared to its global market index benchmark, which was down 1.01%. Year to date, the strategy has returned 15.78% (15.22% net) compared to the benchmark’s 11.20%. The NZS Capital Select strategy declined 0.32% gross (-0.5% net) in the third quarter of 2021 and rose 19.34% (18.76% net) year to date.
For a full table of performance please download the PDF.
The research process at NZS Capital is always guided by the unpredictability of the world around us. Our lens on the world, which does not rely on narrow predictions of the future, is ideally suited for long-term investors as the global economy transitions from analog to digital. We believe companies that maximize non-zero-sum outcomes for all of their constituents, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, will also maximize long-term outcomes for investors. These adaptable businesses will take share as the economy continues its decades long transition from analog to digital, sector by sector. Our view of the world informs our portfolio construction process, which combines a relatively small number of Resilient companies (larger positions) with a long tail of Optionality companies (smaller positions). Resilient businesses have very few predictions underpinning their success and a narrow range of outcomes, while Optionality businesses have a wider range of outcomes and their success hinges upon a more specific view of the future playing out. This combination of long-duration growth and asymmetric upside is well suited to navigating the increasing pace of change throughout the global economy.
Performance Discussion
The following third quarter 2021 performance discussion references the NZS Growth Equity strategy. Information technology remained our largest weighting at 56.45%. Our technology investments were up 1.97%, ahead of the benchmark technology component, up 0.58%. Among the top contributors in the period were Ball Corp, Salesforce.com, Cadence Design Systems, Microsoft, ASML, Adyen, Sun Communities, and Chipotle. Our relative underexposure to financials and energy weighed on overall performance during this period of rising rates and inflationary signals. Specific detractors from performance in the period included Lam Research, ViacomCBS, T-Mobile, Crown Castle, SailPoint, TSMC, Peloton, and Nexon.
The third quarter was emblematic of the global market’s recent roller coaster ride. Following a strong rally to the top of the hill, stocks soon descended the diving turn of worry. There might have even been a loop-de-loop in there somewhere. Sometimes, the weather does not cooperate. Late in the third quarter, there was a confluence of seemingly unrelated events that fueled inflation concerns. China’s factories were running strong in an effort to catch up with the post-pandemic surge in global demand for goods. Their energy usage was high, but a dry season across much of China resulted in lower-than-anticipated hydroelectric power supply, while the country’s price-controlled energy sector disincentivized electricity generation. And, looking west to Europe, a dampening of prevailing winds stalled wind turbines, and low rainfall reduced hydroelectric energy. As a result, natural gas prices spiked to multi-year highs, fueling inflation fears.
It’s not just the weather that is hard to predict. The world is a mind-bogglingly complex system, which is (though we may pretend otherwise) entirely unpredictable. Indeed, unpredictability is the only predictable thing. That’s why our primary focus at NZS Capital is on building portfolios that balance Resilient and Optional businesses with an emphasis on adaptability and non-zero sumness, i.e., businesses that create more value for the world than they take for themselves. Despite the inclement weather of late, the long-term forecast remains the same: the digital transformation of the economy will continue to accelerate, and we will continue to invest in the companies that stand to benefit from this decades long opportunity. We like it when the market weather is unpredictable – volatility is not risk, it’s opportunity.
The “AI” Age and the Ongoing Digital Transformation
The following has been adapted from SITALWeek #316: Back in the late 1990s, every business was either appending “.com” to their existing name or touting their dotcom strategy and how it was going to transform them or their industry. A lot of hyped-up ideas ended up being right, just twenty years too early. But, for the many legacy companies that put on dotcom lipstick at the turn of the century, the Internet was ultimately a negative disruption of their business. For some industries, such as media and retail, we’ve seen the near completion of the disruptive, Internet-enabled transformation. For more highly regulated businesses, such as the banking and healthcare sectors, which have successfully lobbied to keep disruption at bay, it’s unknown if/how they will ultimately be affected by the Internet Age. And, for a large bucket of companies that have harnessed the Internet to improve their products, supply chain, and/or customer interactions without significant disruption to their business model, dotcomization has been more subtle. For all industries, the Internet enabled an accelerated pace of change, and dotcom simply became shorthand for digital transformation. The biggest winners of the Information Age have been the new companies – those that were built in the late 1990s and early 2000s by the Internet and for the Internet. These are the familiar mega platforms of today, all of which are facing a global wave of regulatory pushback that is handicapping their ability to enter new markets or even innovate in some of their existing markets.
We find ourselves presently in another technological jargon bubble: AI. For most established companies today, AI of course is no more real than dotcom was twenty years ago for the 1900s Industrial Age companies. AI has become a metaphor for digital transformation in exactly the same way the dotcom label evolved. For most of today’s companies, AI will be a negative disruption – an acceleration of the digital transition that will bury the legacy incumbents and create new winners. And, AI, just like dotcom before it, will be enabled by software and semiconductors, the enduring engines of the analog-to-digital transformation of the global economy. It’s possible that the emergent dotcom winners of the last twenty years will power the new AI wave of innovation and transformation. Perhaps today’s mega platforms will maintain power, but that’s up in the air with regulation and the challenges any incumbent faces when a new market emerges. And, there will be new companies that will dwarf anything we’ve seen in the last two decades. AI also has a mega investment bubble associated with it. So far, this bubble has stayed more in private markets, while the dotcom bubble manifested a little faster in the public markets of the late 1990s.
There is one big difference with AI as the new marketing term for digital transformation compared to dotcom: the world seems to be willing to believe AI is real, but it’s not. At least not yet. We are seeing companies hand off decision making to AI as if it were something more elevated than a complicated search algorithm scanning pools of data. It’s this dangerous “invisible hand” mentality of AI that has me worried. It’s distorting how people are hired and fired, whether people can rent apartments and access government benefits, and how doctors and hospitals treat patients. It’s determining who people date, what music they listen to, what shows they watch, and who they interact with. Facebook was designed to collect, amplify, and reflect our own thoughts and emotions back to us in order to sell ads. In and of itself, social media is a dangerous echo chamber, but becomes even more so if we accord its half-baked algorithms any sort of divine power. All of these life changing algorithms have the transparency of mud, and to rage against them is to shout into an infinite abyss. AI is nothing more than a fallible human tool – it’s a reflection of human nature, and, lately, we all seem to be acting a little crazy. Along with the increased influence of social media algorithms, we’ve seen a rise in extremism, hate, misinformation, and violence. There will of course be legitimate artificial intelligence systems and uses that perform incredibly complex tasks and might be able to make short-term predictions and decisions that are useful. But, recently, when I see a company talking about AI, that is clearly not what they mean.
We will have incredible breakthroughs in artificial general intelligence when AI can gather enough context to make analogies, reason, and learn on its own. However, the computational burden of trying to make better decisions through deep learning systems might also hit a breaking point even with these breakthroughs. IEEE reports that halving the error rate in image recognition would require 500x the computational power! The world is complex and unpredictable by nature. And, that brings us back to the weather: the amount of energy required just to predict the weather an hour from now, on every square meter of the planet, might just not be worth it compared to looking out the window. Do the complex AI models gulping down massive amounts of energy-intensive compute power take into account their own insatiable appetite when they model global warming!?
The next wave of digital will bring major structural changes to the economy as well with deflationary pressures and job displacements. There will be periods where the short-term negatives seem to be worse than the long-term positives. Yet, I am optimistic about the ongoing, accelerated, digital transformation of the global economy. It will ultimately do a lot of good for people and the planet over the next few decades, but I am a little worried about the blind faith that’s being put into what amounts to nothing more than a marketing term. Just like twenty years ago, there is a lot of work to be done; but, decades from now, we will be looking at a completely digital, completely transformed economy, perhaps with a little bit of real AI.
Thank you for your continued trust, interest, and support.
There is no guarantee that the information presented is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal and fluctuation of value.
Net returns are calculated by subtracting the highest applicable management fee (.65% annually, or .1625% quarterly) from the gross return. Gross returns are inclusive of reinvestment of dividends or other earnings. Actual fees may vary depending on, among other things, the applicable fee schedule and portfolio size. The fees are available on request and may be found in Form ADV Part 2A. Index performance does not reflect the expenses of managing a portfolio as an index is unmanaged and not available for direct investment.
Any projections, market outlooks, or estimates in this presentation are forward-looking statements and are based upon certain assumptions. No forecasts can be guaranteed. Other events that were not taken into account may occur and may significantly affect the returns or performance. Any projections, outlooks, or assumptions should not be construed to be indicative of the actual events which will occur.
Opinions and examples are meant as an illustration of broader themes, are not an indication of trading intent, and are subject to change at any time due to changes in market or economic conditions. There is no guarantee that the information supplied is accurate, complete, or timely, nor are there any warranties with regards to the results obtained from its use.
An investor should not construe the contents of this newsletter as legal, tax, investment, or other advice.
NZS Capital, LLC claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®)
GIPS® is a registered trademark of the CFA Institute. CFA Institute does not endorse or promote this organization, nor does it warrant the accuracy or quality of the content contained herein.
GIPS® Composite Reports are available upon request by emailing request to info@nzscapital.com.
NZS Growth Equity and NZS Select are reported in USD.
The benchmark for the NZS Growth Equity Composite and NZS Select Composite is the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure NR USD. The index is designed to provide exposure to the top 85% market capitalization by free float in each of two economic segments, developed markets and emerging markets.
NZS strategies are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar, Inc. or any of its affiliates (all such entities, collectively, “Morningstar Entities”). The Morningstar Entities make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners who invest in the strategy or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in the strategy y or to any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in equity securities generally or in the strategy in particular, or the ability of the strategy to track the Morningstar Global Target Market Exposure Index or the equity markets in general. THE MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE STRATEGIES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR ENTITIES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN
